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BIOSENSORS IN DRUG DETECTION

                                         BIOSENSORS IN DRUG DETECTION

Biosensors are devices or probes that employ a biological element for measuring the concentration of desired substance. 

Biological elements – viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, plants and animals.


Types of Biosensors for the Drug Detection

1.Electrochemical Biosensor

     a) Voltametric Biosensor

     b) Amperometric Biosensor 

2.Conductometric (Impedimetric)

3.Ion-sensitive

4.Optical

5.Piezoelectric (mass-sensitive)

CHOLESTEROL DETECTION BY ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSORS


Sl. No

Electrochemical Biosensor

Mechanism

Sensitivity

1

Microfluidic 

Cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) enzyme was immobilized over the NiO thin film for specific detection of cholesterol

0.12-10.23 mM Concentration 

 

2

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) based screen printed carbon electrode (SPGE)

 

By the catalytic action of CHER and CHOD, the cholesterol was hydrolysed to generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which can reduced the silver (Ag) ions in the solution for the deposition of metallic Ag on the surface of Au NPs 

5-5000 mcg/mL

 

3

Conducting polymer modified pencil graphite electrode (PGE)

 

ChOx was covalently immobilized onto the copolymer coated PGE. Cholesterol was used as the substrate and the decrease in oxygen level as a result of enzymatic reaction was monitored at −0.7 V vs Ag reference electrode in a phosphate buffer

2.47 mA/mM cm2   

 

4

PG electrode-based biosensor

 

Serum cholesterol was determined by an Amperometric device based on immobilization of cholesterol oxidase onto pencil graphite rod.

0.09 × 10−3 M

 

5

Polypyrene film modified Pt based cholesterol biosensors

 

The preparation of a cholesterol Amperometric biosensor using a platinized Pt electrode as a support for the electro polymerization of a polypyrene film, in which ChOx and ferrocene monocarboxylic acid (electron-transfer mediator) were co-entrapped

12.4 µM

 









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